Are PhDs and publications the best metrics for academic hiring?

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PhDs and Publications May Not Be the Best Metrics for Academic Hiring

In many Malaysian universities, a PhD and a strong publication record have become near-essential criteria for new academic hires. This emphasis, particularly the recent mandate from the Malaysian Qualifications Agency (MQA) for PhDs and the adoption of publication metrics like the H-index by private institutions, may overlook highly capable individuals and potentially compromise teaching quality. The pursuit of higher international rankings, driven by these metrics, often translates into financial benefits for universities, but it raises questions about whether these are the most effective measures for selecting educators.
New MQA Rules Mandate PhDs for Academic Roles

A recent regulation from the Malaysian Qualifications Agency (MQA), implemented within the last two to three years, has made holding a PhD a near necessity for academic positions. This rule means that even individuals with extensive practical experience, such as eight years of teaching Business or Journalism, might face difficulties securing an interview if their PhD is not directly related to the department they are applying to. This stringent requirement prioritises formal academic qualifications over demonstrated teaching ability or relevant industry experience.
H-Index and Publications Drive University Rankings and Revenue

Private universities, in particular, have increasingly adopted metrics such as the H-index to screen candidates. This focus is largely driven by the desire to improve international rankings, such as those published by QS and Times Higher Education. A higher number of staff with strong publication records can boost a university's global standing, which in turn attracts more students, especially international ones. These rankings have direct monetary implications for institutions, influencing student enrollment and, consequently, revenue.
Potential Neglect of Skilled Lecturers and Practitioners

The strict adherence to PhD and publication requirements means that many competent lecturers and teachers who possess valuable skills but may only hold a Master's degree or have limited publications are often overlooked. This is particularly problematic in practitioner-oriented disciplines like journalism, video production, teaching, and graphic design, where practical expertise and industry engagement are arguably more critical than traditional academic output. Such a system risks excluding individuals who could effectively impart knowledge and practical skills to students.
Questionable Correlation Between Publications and Teaching Quality

Furthermore, there is a concern about the actual correlation between a strong publication record and effective teaching. The current hiring practices do not adequately address whether academics who meet the stringent PhD and publication benchmarks are also adept at engaging students, demonstrating patience, and fostering a positive learning environment. The emphasis on research output may inadvertently sideline the fundamental role of a lecturer in inspiring and guiding students, leading to a situation where institutional prestige is prioritised over pedagogical effectiveness.

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Are PhDs and publications the best metrics for academic hiring?

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