Can cheaper generic obesity drugs improve access in poorer nations?

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Cheaper Generic Obesity Drugs Could Potentially Improve Access in Poorer Nations

The World Health Organisation (WHO) is currently considering the inclusion of obesity drugs, specifically liraglutide, on its essential medicines list. This move could significantly enhance access to such treatments in low- and middle-income countries, where the majority of the global overweight and obese population resides. The inclusion of liraglutide, the active ingredient in Novo Nordisk's Saxenda, is particularly pertinent as it is expected to become available in cheaper generic versions soon after its patent expires.
Potential for Increased Accessibility

The primary driver for considering liraglutide for the essential medicines list is the potential for increased accessibility in resource-limited settings. Currently, no medications on the WHO's list specifically target weight loss. The inclusion of HIV drugs in 2002 serves as a precedent, demonstrating how placement on this list can facilitate wider availability and affordability in poorer countries. With an estimated 70 per cent of overweight and obese individuals living in low- and middle-income countries, expanding the list to include obesity treatments could address a significant unmet health need.
Economic Considerations and Generic Availability

The cost of current obesity medications is a major barrier. For instance, Saxenda costs approximately US$450 per month in the United States and US$150 in Europe. A more potent treatment, Wegovy, exceeds US$1,300 per month in the US. The impending patent expiry of liraglutide is expected to allow for the production of more affordable generic versions. This cost reduction is crucial for enabling governments in low- and middle-income countries to procure these medicines for their populations, aligning with the purpose of the essential medicines list.
Expert Review and Ongoing Research

The WHO's decision rests with an expert committee that will review new drug requests. While liraglutide is under consideration, WHO officials have noted that issues surrounding its cost and the relatively short duration of its use for obesity treatment are still points of discussion. Furthermore, there is a general acknowledgement among experts regarding the need for more long-term data on the safety and effectiveness of these drugs for obesity management. This ongoing research and evaluation are critical for determining the appropriate role of such medications in global public health strategies.

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Can cheaper generic obesity drugs improve access in poorer nations?

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