How are Indian students maintaining communication during internet bans?

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Indian Students Utilize Bluetooth Messaging and AI for Communication Amidst Internet Bans

During periods of mobile internet service suspension in New Delhi, Indian students have adopted alternative communication methods, primarily by leveraging peer-to-peer messaging applications that operate via Bluetooth, thereby creating ad-hoc networks independent of cellular data. Some protesters have also explored artificial intelligence services to discover these novel communication strategies, demonstrating a proactive approach to circumventing government-imposed restrictions. These efforts highlight the students' determination to maintain connectivity and coordinate their activities despite the challenges posed by internet shutdowns.
Bluetooth-Based Messaging Apps Facilitate Communication

Students participating in protests have turned to applications like Bitchat, which function by establishing direct connections between devices using Bluetooth technology. This method allows for the creation of local, decentralized networks that do not require internet access, enabling messages to be exchanged among individuals in close proximity. This technology has become a crucial tool for maintaining contact and coordinating actions when traditional mobile internet services are unavailable, as evidenced by the widespread adoption of such apps among the student population.
AI Services Explored for Alternative Communication Solutions

In addition to Bluetooth-based messaging, some students have utilized artificial intelligence platforms, including Claude and ChatGPT, to research and identify alternative means of communication. This demonstrates a sophisticated use of available digital tools to overcome the limitations imposed by internet shutdowns. By employing AI, students are actively seeking out and understanding technologies that can facilitate communication outside of conventional internet infrastructure, reflecting a growing digital literacy and resourcefulness among the protesters.
Government Actions and Digital Rights Concerns

The Indian Ministry of Home Affairs has suspended mobile internet services in areas surrounding protest sites, citing concerns for public order and the prevention of offenses. These actions have drawn criticism from digital rights advocates, such as the Internet Freedom Foundation, who have called for the revocation of such orders. The founder of Bitchat, Jack Dorsey, has also commented, suggesting that the Indian government is opposed to technologies like Bitchat and seeks their suppression, underscoring a broader tension between government control and decentralized communication technologies.
History of Internet Shutdowns in India

India has a documented history of implementing frequent internet shutdowns, with the nation ranking second globally in 2025 for the number of such restrictions imposed. These shutdowns, often enacted during protests, periods of conflict, or other public events, have significantly impacted communication capabilities. While alternative methods are being explored, the reliance on these methods indicates the ongoing challenges faced by citizens in maintaining consistent communication amidst government-imposed internet service suspensions.

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How are Indian students maintaining communication during internet bans?

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