How does logging in Ulu Muda threaten water supply for Penang and Kedah?

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Logging in Ulu Muda Forest Reserve Poses Significant Threat to Water Supply for Penang and Kedah

Logging activities within Kedah's Ulu Muda Forest Reserve (UMFR) are directly jeopardising the water supply for both Kedah and Penang, impacting approximately 4.09 million residents across Perlis, Kedah, and Penang. The UMFR serves as a crucial water catchment area, feeding into vital reservoirs and the Sungai Muda, which is Penang's primary source of raw water. The ongoing deforestation exacerbates sedimentation issues in these water systems, threatening the quantity and quality of water available for consumption.
Sedimentation Due to Soil Exposure

The process of logging inherently exposes the forest floor, leading to increased soil erosion. During rainfall, this loose soil and debris are washed into nearby rivers and waterways. This influx of sediment directly contributes to heavy sedimentation within dams and river systems. For instance, the Sungai Muda, a critical resource for Penang, is experiencing a decline in raw water quality, described as appearing like 'teh tarik' due to these sedimentation issues.
Reduced Water Storage and Flow Disruption

The accumulation of sediment significantly impacts the capacity of water storage facilities. As sedimentation increases, the effective storage volume of dams like the Ahning Dam, Muda Dam, and Pedu Dam is reduced. This diminished storage capability, coupled with altered river flow patterns caused by sedimentation, can lead to a reduced overall water supply available for distribution to the millions of people dependent on this catchment area.
Long-Term Impact on Water Resources

Logging in the UMFR has been a concern since at least 2008, with designated "new logging areas" covering approximately 1,200 hectares. This sustained activity, particularly when occurring within a designated forest reserve meant for conservation, raises serious questions about the long-term sustainability of the water resources. The continued degradation of this critical catchment area implies a growing risk of future water shortages and necessitates a re-evaluation of logging practices within ecologically sensitive zones.

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How does logging in Ulu Muda threaten water supply for Penang and Kedah?

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