How does the EC justify unequal constituency sizes?

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The Election Commission Cites Geographical Factors for Unequal Constituency Sizes

The Election Commission (EC) justifies the existence of unequal constituency sizes across Malaysia by pointing to significant geographical factors that impede the creation of uniformly represented electoral districts. The EC asserts that these geographical realities prevent it from ensuring fair representation in all seats, particularly highlighting disparities in Sarawak where certain constituencies are larger than entire states in Peninsular Malaysia. This situation necessitates an increase in the number of constituencies in Sarawak.
Geographical Challenges in Sarawak Necessitate Larger Constituencies

In Sarawak, the EC has identified that several electoral seats are disproportionately large in geographical area compared to those in Peninsular Malaysia. This imbalance is a primary reason cited for the proposal to increase the number of state seats in Sarawak from 71 to 82. The commission argues that these vast geographical extents inherently contribute to the inequality in representation, making it impractical to adhere to strict size uniformity.
Historical Context of Constituency Size Regulations

Historically, the Federal Constitution included a stipulation that the variance between the largest and smallest constituencies should not exceed 15 per cent. However, this limit was subsequently removed through a constitutional amendment. Despite the current situation of severe malapportionment, where some constituencies can be ten times larger than others, the EC maintains its stance that geographical considerations are paramount in its redelineation process.
Allegations of Gerrymandering Persist Despite EC's Justification

The redrawing of electoral boundaries in Malaysia is a recurring point of contention, often accompanied by allegations of gerrymandering. Critics, including electoral reform groups like Bersih 2.0, suggest that these boundary changes are strategically designed to maintain the ruling coalition's power. While the EC acknowledges the claims that increased seat numbers could facilitate manipulation through illegal vote transfers, the commission's chairman has stated that such practices have not been observed.

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How does the EC justify unequal constituency sizes?

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