How does the lockdown enable illegal fishing and poaching?

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Lockdown Measures Facilitate Illegal Fishing and Dolphin Poaching in Bangladesh

The lockdown implemented in Bangladesh to combat the coronavirus pandemic has inadvertently created an environment conducive to illegal fishing and the poaching of endangered species, including dolphins. Reduced police presence on rivers, a direct consequence of officers being redeployed to enforce lockdown restrictions, has allowed local communities to engage in unregulated fishing practices. These practices, often using nets that indiscriminately catch marine life, have led to an increase in dolphin fatalities, with poachers subsequently targeting the creatures for their valuable fat and oil.
Reduced Law Enforcement Capacity

The enforcement of lockdown measures across Bangladesh has significantly strained police resources, leading to understaffing in areas typically monitored by law enforcement. This reduced presence is particularly noticeable on the nation's river systems. Police officers are now primarily occupied with enforcing movement restrictions and public gathering bans within towns and villages, leaving riverine patrols significantly diminished. This diversion of personnel means that usual patrols of waterways, which would deter illegal activities, are no longer consistently conducted.
Increased Illegal Fishing Activities

With fewer authorities patrolling the rivers, local communities have begun to trawl waterways for fish as a means of sustenance. This illegal fishing is often carried out using nets that are not selective in the species they capture. Consequently, these nets frequently ensnare dolphins alongside fish. The primary motivation for these individuals is to make a living, particularly during the economic hardship brought about by the lockdown, and they are resorting to these unregulated fishing methods to secure their livelihoods.
Exploitation of Dolphins for Fat and Oil

The heightened fishing activity has unfortunately led to an increase in accidental dolphin captures. Once trapped, these dolphins become easy targets for poachers. The body fat and oil extracted from dolphins are highly sought after in traditional medicine, with many local villagers believing they possess curative properties for various ailments. This perceived medicinal value translates into a lucrative market, providing a strong incentive for poachers to exploit the vulnerable situation created by the lockdown.
Impact on Endangered Species Conservation

The current situation poses a significant threat to the conservation of endangered species like the Ganges river dolphin, which is listed as endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. The Halda River sanctuary, home to approximately 170 dolphins, has recently seen the discovery of a dead dolphin with its body fat missing. This incident, occurring during the lockdown period, is suspected to be a direct result of the increased poaching activity, raising fears of a potential "killing spree" against these rare creatures.

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How does the lockdown enable illegal fishing and poaching?

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