How severe were the economic losses from the 1997 haze?

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The 1997 haze caused billions of dollars in losses across regional industries
The 1997 haze led to US$9 billion (RM27.9 billion) in losses to tourism, transportation and farming industries in countries including Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand (southern part). Forest fires linked to the haze in 1997 to 1998 also caused destruction valued at between US$8.8 billion and US$9.7 billion, according to the Interagency Mission Report.
US$9 billion losses to tourism, transportation and farming
In 1997, haze affecting neighbouring countries was tied to economic damage across key sectors. Losses were reported at US$9 billion (RM27.9 billion) affecting tourism, transportation and farming industries in Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand’s southern region.
Destruction from 1997-1998 forest fires ranged from US$8.8 billion to US$9.7 billion
The scale of the fires in 1997-1998 was described as reaching epic proportions, with coverage of 9.7 million hectares. An Interagency Mission Report put the destruction from these forest fires at US$8.8 billion to US$9.7 billion.
The haze problem was regional, not limited to Indonesia
The haze was described as a problem for ASEAN countries since 1997, with Indonesia’s forest fires driving the conditions. The economic losses and the reported sector impacts were felt by nearby countries, including Singapore and Malaysia, as well as Thailand’s southern part.

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How severe were the economic losses from the 1997 haze?

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