What are the most common illegal motorcycle modifications detected?

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Common Illegal Motorcycle Modifications Include Ultra-Thin Tyres and Removal of Rear Brakes

The Road Transport Department (JPJ) has identified several prevalent forms of extreme motorcycle modifications that pose significant safety risks. These commonly detected alterations include the use of ultra-thin tyres, colloquially known as "tayar sotong," unauthorised engine swaps, and the installation of extended swingarms. Furthermore, modifications or complete removal of the Electronic Control Unit (ECU) system and the dangerous practice of removing rear brakes are also frequently observed.
Use of "Tayar Sotong" and Engine Swaps

Among the most frequently encountered modifications is the use of ultra-thin tyres, referred to locally as "tayar sotong." This type of tyre significantly reduces the contact patch with the road surface, compromising grip and stability, especially during braking and cornering. Alongside tyre modifications, unauthorised engine swaps are another common practice. These alterations can drastically change a motorcycle's performance characteristics, often exceeding the design limits of the chassis and braking systems, thereby increasing the potential for loss of control.
Structural and Electronic Alterations

Beyond tyre and engine modifications, JPJ enforcement has also noted structural and electronic tampering. The installation of extended swingarms, which alters the motorcycle's wheelbase, can affect its handling dynamics and stability. More concerning are the modifications or complete erasure of the Electronic Control Unit (ECU) system. The ECU manages critical engine functions, and tampering with it can lead to unpredictable performance, increased emissions, and potential mechanical failures.
Removal of Critical Safety Components

Perhaps the most alarming modification frequently detected is the removal of rear brakes. This action directly compromises a rider's ability to safely control and stop the motorcycle, creating an exceptionally hazardous situation. The combination of these extreme modifications, particularly the removal of essential safety features, significantly elevates the risk of severe accidents on the road. JPJ has seized over 300 such modified motorcycles this year, with Kuala Lumpur recording the highest number of seizures.

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What are the most common illegal motorcycle modifications detected?

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