What are the specific environmental risks of rare earth mining in Hulu Perak?

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Specific Environmental Risks Identified for Rare Earth Mining in Hulu Perak

The rare earth project in Hulu Perak presents several specific environmental risks, primarily concerning the potential for radioactive contamination and the impact on sensitive ecosystems. While the project proponents state the mined mineral is a non-radioactive rare earth element (NRREE), concerns have been raised about the presence of naturally occurring radioactive materials and the potential consequences of operational activities. These risks are particularly significant given the project's location within an Environmentally Sensitive Area.
Presence of Thorium and Potential for Radioactive Contamination

Concerns have been articulated regarding the presence of thorium, specifically Thorium-228, in soil samples from the project area. Reports indicate that levels of this naturally occurring radioactive isotope exceeded the regulated limit of 1 Bq/g. Although the primary mineral targeted is described as ionic adsorption clay, which is classified as a non-radioactive rare earth element, the acknowledgment of thorium's presence in soil samples highlights a potential pathway for radioactive contamination. The risk of increasing the concentration of thorium in the environment has been explicitly stated as a significant concern.
Risk of Chemical Contamination from Reactants and Operational Activities

Beyond radioactive materials, there is a notable risk associated with the uncontrolled release of chemical reactants used in the mining process. Sulfuric acid has been identified as a key reactant, and warnings have been issued about the potentially catastrophic consequences of its accidental release during the setup and operational phases. Such an event could lead to severe environmental damage, impacting both water sources and the surrounding river systems. Furthermore, there is an identified risk of increased ammonium concentration in the environment, adding another layer to the potential chemical contamination profile of the project.
Impact on Water Sources and River Contamination

The proposed rare earth mining activities are anticipated to have a detrimental effect on local water resources. Specifically, there is a stated concern that the project will impact water sources and lead to the contamination of nearby rivers. This contamination could arise from both the chemical reactants used in the extraction process and potentially from leached radioactive materials or increased ammonium levels. The proximity of the project to water bodies amplifies the risk of widespread pollution, affecting aquatic ecosystems and potentially downstream water supplies.
Location within an Environmentally Sensitive Area

A critical aspect of the environmental risk assessment is the project's location within the Central Forest Spine (CFS) range, an area designated as an Environmentally Sensitive Area (ESA) Rank 1. This classification signifies a high ecological value and fragility, making it particularly vulnerable to the impacts of industrial activities. Approving mining in such a pristine ecosystem is viewed as being in violation of established environmental planning policies and raises questions about the sustainability of the proposed venture. The inherent sensitivity of this area means that any environmental disturbance, whether from chemical spills, radioactive material dispersal, or habitat destruction, carries a heightened risk of severe and long-lasting ecological damage.

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What are the specific environmental risks of rare earth mining in Hulu Perak?

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