What are the primary causes of civilian casualties in Ukraine, according to the UN?

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The Use of Explosive Weapons in Populated Areas is the Primary Cause of Documented Civilian Casualties in Ukraine

The United Nations has documented that the vast majority of civilian casualties in Ukraine have been caused by the use of explosive weapons in populated areas. These weapons were predominantly employed by Russian forces and affiliated armed groups. This pattern of warfare has led to widespread destruction and significant human rights violations across Ukraine since the full-scale invasion began on February 24.
Explosive Weapons in Populated Areas Responsible for Most Documented Deaths

The UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine has recorded 6,114 civilian deaths since February 24, though it acknowledges the actual figures are likely higher. A significant portion of these casualties is attributed to the use of explosive weapons in areas where civilians reside. The scale of damage and destruction observed is considered a strong indicator of violations occurring.
Russian Forces and Affiliates Primarily Used These Weapons

The report specifically notes that the explosive weapons causing the majority of documented civilian casualties were, for the most part, used by Russian forces and associated armed groups. This indicates a direct link between the actions of these entities and the resulting civilian harm. The UN rights office's field operations chief highlighted the "unspeakable suffering and devastation" inflicted on the Ukrainian people due to the large-scale armed attack.
Annexations Expected to Exacerbate Human Rights Violations

The UN has warned that Russia's claimed annexations of Ukrainian regions, including Donetsk, Lugansk, Kherson, and Zaporizhzhia, will further worsen the human rights situation. These purported annexations are seen as steps that deepen the conflict rather than resolve it, thereby exacerbating the associated human rights violations. The situation is further complicated by reports of violations in detention, torture, and ill-treatment of civilians and prisoners of war.

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What are the primary causes of civilian casualties in Ukraine, according to the UN?

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