What are the risks for Saudi women who abandon the abaya?

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Risks for Saudi Women Abandoning the Abaya

Saudi women who choose to forgo the abaya face potential harassment and even assault from conservative elements within society. Despite hints from Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman that the dress code could be relaxed, there has been no formal edict, leaving women who defy tradition vulnerable to public backlash and potential enforcement actions. This situation highlights a tension between the monarchy's reformist agenda and the deeply entrenched conservative societal norms.
Potential for Harassment and Assault

Women who appear in public without an abaya risk random harassment from religious fanatics and may even be subjected to assault. This stems from the perception among some conservatives that abandoning the traditional garment is a violation of public morals and religious observance. For instance, one woman reported being threatened with a police call by another shopper at a supermarket for not wearing an abaya.
Rejection of Entry and Public Condemnation

Public spaces and institutions may deny entry to women not wearing the abaya. A Riyadh mall explicitly stated it would not permit entry to "violators of public morals" after one woman attempted to enter without the traditional garment. Furthermore, public figures, including a Saudi royal, have condemned women who abandon the abaya, labelling them as publicity seekers and calling for their punishment, as seen in a Twitter exchange regarding a woman's public appearance without the robe.
Job Security and Arbitrary Enforcement

While some women are pushing the boundaries, they may still be compelled to adhere to dress codes in professional environments. One individual mentioned being forced to wear an abaya and headscarf to work to avoid losing her job, indicating that workplace regulations might still mandate modest attire. The enforcement of dress codes in Saudi Arabia can be arbitrary, with no clear laws consistently protecting women who choose to dress differently.
Societal Tensions Amidst Reforms

The decision by some women to stop wearing the abaya underscores a broader push for social liberties among the younger Saudi population, which may be outpacing the monarchy's capacity for change. This trend exists within a context of sweeping liberalisation efforts, such as the opening of cinemas and increased freedoms for women, which have also sparked resistance from hardliners concerned about the pace and direction of these reforms. The debate also touches on interpretations of religious obligation, with some arguing the abaya is not a mandatory religious requirement.

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What are the risks for Saudi women who abandon the abaya?

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