What are the cognitive and health impacts of high CO2 levels on Hong Kong students?

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High CO2 Levels in Hong Kong Classrooms Negatively Impact Student Health and Cognitive Function

Research conducted as part of the "Clean Air Schools for Hong Kong" (CASHK) project has revealed significant adverse effects of elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) levels on students. Data collected between August 2022 and July 2023 indicated that CO2 levels in most participating classrooms averaged around 1,100 parts per million (ppm) quarterly. In some instances, these levels reached unhealthy concentrations up to 3,000 ppm for as much as 50% of the time. Such conditions not only allow airborne bacteria and viruses to persist, thereby increasing the risk of infectious diseases, but also demonstrably impair students' cognitive capabilities.
Impaired Cognitive Function

The concentration of CO2 in classroom air has a direct and measurable impact on students' ability to learn and perform. Studies have shown that when CO2 levels rise to the observed averages and peaks, students can experience a significant decline in cognitive functions. Specifically, it has been documented that this decrease can be as substantial as 80%, affecting concentration, problem-solving skills, and overall academic performance.
Increased Risk of Infectious Diseases

Beyond cognitive impairment, the elevated CO2 levels create an environment conducive to the spread of airborne pathogens. When ventilation is insufficient and CO2 concentrations are high, viruses and bacteria remain suspended in the air for longer periods. This prolonged presence significantly amplifies the likelihood of transmission among students and staff, thereby increasing the incidence of infectious illnesses within school settings.
Air Quality Discrepancies in Schools

The CASHK project also highlighted a concerning disparity in air quality between school environments and general outdoor monitoring stations. During the study period, some participating schools recorded high Air Quality Health Index (AQHI) levels, at level 7 or above, for up to 26.9% of the time. This contrasts with the closest government monitoring stations, which typically registered moderate levels at or below AQHI level 6. This suggests that specific risks within school environments are higher than what broader public air quality data might indicate.

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What are the cognitive and health impacts of high CO2 levels on Hong Kong students?

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