What drives school dropouts among Malaysian secondary students?

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Poverty is a Primary Driver of School Dropouts Among Malaysian Secondary Students

Poverty significantly contributes to school dropout rates among Malaysian secondary students, compelling some to leave school to support their families' economic needs. The Ministry of Education (MOE) is implementing measures to ensure all students complete 11 years of schooling, from Year One to Form Five, and has expanded special model schools to address these challenges, particularly in rural areas.
Compulsory Education and Special School Initiatives

The Ministry of Education is making 11 years of schooling, encompassing Year One through Form Five, compulsory for all students. To directly combat dropout issues, especially in rural settings, the MOE has expanded the Comprehensive Special Model School Year 9 (K9) program from 12 to 17 schools. These K9 schools are designed to support students who face obstacles in continuing their secondary education due to geographical distance, difficult terrain, or their family's socioeconomic status.
Addressing the Transition to Upper Secondary

A further initiative, the Comprehensive Special Model School Year 11 (K11) concept, has been introduced to provide a more integrated educational pathway from Year One to Form Five. The expectation is that this K11 model will help reduce the number of students who drop out when transitioning from lower secondary to upper secondary levels. This expansion of educational access aims to keep students engaged in their schooling for the full compulsory period.
Financial and Social Support Systems

Recognising the impact of financial hardship, the MOE offers 18 different types of school assistance specifically for students from low-income families. These provisions include federal scholarships, supplementary food programmes, and early schooling assistance to ease the financial burden on families. Furthermore, resources such as textbook loan schemes and counselling services are made available to encourage students to remain in school and overcome potential barriers to their education.

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What drives school dropouts among Malaysian secondary students?

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