What historical periods do the sunken ruins date back to?

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Sunken Ruins in Abu Qir Bay Span Over Two Millennia

The recently unveiled sunken ruins in Abu Qir Bay, off the coast of Alexandria, Egypt, date back over 2,000 years, encompassing significant periods of ancient history. These submerged structures and artifacts offer a glimpse into the Ptolemaic dynasty, which governed Egypt for nearly 300 years, and the subsequent Roman Empire, which held sway for approximately 600 years. The site may represent an extension of the ancient city of Canopus, a once prominent centre that was eventually claimed by rising sea levels and seismic activity.
Structures and Artifacts from Ptolemaic and Roman Eras

The underwater discoveries include limestone buildings that likely served various functions, such as places of worship, residential areas, and structures for commercial or industrial activities. Evidence of domestic water management and aquaculture has also been found in the form of reservoirs and rock-carved ponds. Among the recovered artifacts are statues of royal figures and sphinxes, with some predating the Roman era. A notable find is a partially preserved sphinx bearing the cartouche of Ramses II.
Evidence of Maritime Activity and Dock Usage

Further evidence of the site's historical significance comes from the discovery of a merchant ship, stone anchors, and a harbour crane. These items are all attributed to the Ptolemaic and Roman periods. The ruins also include a substantial 125-meter dock, which archaeological assessments indicate was in use as a harbour for smaller vessels up until the Byzantine period, extending its operational history significantly beyond the initial eras of its construction.
Continuous Occupation Until the Byzantine Period

The extensive dock found at the site highlights its continued importance as a functional harbour for a considerable length of time. Its usage persisted through the Ptolemaic and Roman periods and extended into the Byzantine era. This prolonged period of activity underscores the strategic and economic relevance of the location over centuries, even as the surrounding city faced inundation due to environmental changes.

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What historical periods do the sunken ruins date back to?

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