What surprised researchers about the link between gender norms and prejudice?

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Researchers Found a Consistent Link Between Gender Norm Endorsement and Sexual Prejudice Across Many Countries

A global study involving 23 countries across five continents revealed a surprising and consistent relationship between adherence to traditional gender norms and the presence of sexual prejudice. This finding held true across a majority of the nations surveyed, including Western countries with generally tolerant policies regarding LGBT rights. The research team, from New York University Abu Dhabi, noted that this consistent association was unexpected given the varied cultural contexts.
Consistent Association Across Diverse Nations

The study, published in Social Psychological and Personality Science, observed that in most of the 23 countries examined, individuals who strongly endorsed traditional gender roles also exhibited greater sexual prejudice. This pattern was evident not only in Western nations such as the United States, Canada, France, and the United Kingdom, but also in countries like Russia, South Africa, and Turkey. The researchers found this consistent correlation surprising, as it persisted even in regions known for progressive LGBT rights policies.
Variation in Non-Western Countries

While the general trend was clear, the association between gender norm endorsement and sexual prejudice was not universal. Several non-Western countries presented a different pattern or no association at all. For instance, in South Korea, adherence to gender norms had no discernible impact on attitudes towards gay men and lesbian women. Similarly, Japan showed only a minor link between gender norm endorsement and attitudes towards gay men, with no such connection to attitudes towards lesbian women.
Reverse Pattern Observed in China and India

A notable exception to the global trend was observed in China and India. In these countries, the researchers found a reverse pattern: those individuals who most strongly endorsed traditional gender roles displayed more positive attitudes towards both gay men and lesbian women. This finding suggests that the relationship between gender norms and sexual prejudice is complex and can be influenced by specific cultural contexts, leading to outcomes that diverge from the majority of nations studied.

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What surprised researchers about the link between gender norms and prejudice?

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