Which Malay states were brought under British protection in 1909 after Siam transferred rights?

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British Protection Extended to Four Malay States in 1909 Following Siamese Transfer of Rights

In 1909, Siam formally transferred its rights over four Malay states—Kedah, Kelantan, Terengganu, and Perlis—to Britain. This significant transfer brought these territories under British protection, altering their administrative and political standing within the region. This historical event marked a pivotal moment in the delineation of British influence in Malaya.
Transfer of Rights from Siam

The year 1909 saw a decisive shift in the regional influence of Siam (now Thailand) when it ceded its sovereign rights over Kedah, Kelantan, Terengganu, and Perlis to the British Empire. This act was formalized through an agreement that effectively brought these four states under British suzerainty. Prior to this, these territories had been under Siamese administration, but the agreement effectively transferred this oversight to British authorities.
Establishment of British Protection

Following the transfer of rights in 1909, Kedah, Kelantan, Terengganu, and Perlis were officially brought under British protection. This meant that Britain assumed responsibility for their external affairs and defence, while internally, a British Adviser was appointed to each state. These Advisers, however, were stipulated to have no executive powers, indicating a nuanced approach to administration that preserved a degree of local authority.
Administrative Structure Under Protection

Under the new arrangement, the executive authority within Kedah, Kelantan, Terengganu, and Perlis largely remained with the local State Government, headed by Malay officials such as the Menteri Besar. The Sultans and their State Councils, with the attendance of the British Adviser, continued to be the bodies responsible for enacting legislation. This system allowed for the continued development of administration within these states while they were under British protection, distinct from the direct administration seen in the Straits Settlements.

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Which Malay states were brought under British protection in 1909 after Siam transferred rights?

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