Who is held accountable for littering offences committed by minors in Penang?

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Parents or guardians are held accountable for littering offences committed by minors in Penang.

Penang’s Community Service Order (CSO) enforcement states that when littering offences involve minors, legal responsibility rests with their parents or guardians under the law. This applies as part of the state’s CSO regime that took effect on July 1.
CSO enforcement took effect on July 1 under amended laws
Penang began enforcing the CSO against people caught littering across the state starting July 1. The enforcement was implemented under the Local Government (Amendment) Act 2025 and the Street, Drainage and Building (Amendment) Act 2025, which were gazetted on November 12 last year.
Legal responsibility for minors is placed on parents or guardians
For offences involving minors, the accountable party is not the minor directly but their parents or guardians. Legal responsibility is stated to rest with them in accordance with the law.
Court-linked process applies once an offence can be proven
Under the CSO enforcement, warnings are no longer issued for littering. Instead, immediate action is taken, and if the offence can be proven, a notice is issued requiring the offender to appear in court, where conviction can lead to fines up to RM2,000 and/or up to 12 hours of community service.
The enforcement covers everyone, including visitors and foreign nationals
The enforcement applies to everyone, including domestic visitors, tourists and foreign nationals. For minors specifically, the responsibility shifts to their parents or guardians in line with the law.

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Who is held accountable for littering offences committed by minors in Penang?

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