Why are Chinese and Malaysian citizens barred from exiting China?

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Chinese and Malaysian Citizens Barred from Exiting China Due to Visitation Rights Dispute

A Malaysian mother, Chau Yang, and her son have been prevented from leaving China for the past two years due to a dispute over visitation rights with her former husband. The bans were communicated verbally by a judge from the Shanghai Changning Enforcement Court, who stated that the former husband could renew the restrictions indefinitely as long as he wished, citing his weekly visitation rights. These exit bans were reportedly imposed without written justification, prior warning, or formal notification, yet are being enforced and are visible on the Shanghai Court's website.
Grounds for Exit Bans Based on Visitation Rights

The Shanghai court's stated reason for imposing the exit bans was that the former husband was denied access to the child. However, this justification is alleged to be based on a misrepresentation of facts, overlooking the former husband's history of alleged unlawful actions. These alleged actions include multiple instances of child abduction, a disregard for court orders for an eight-month period, the procurement of a false identity for the child to attend school, and the use of intimidation and violence against Chau Yang and her property. Furthermore, the former husband has reportedly rejected all visitation proposals made by Chau Yang.
Appeals and Legal Recourse in China

Chau Yang's written appeals to the judges at the Shanghai Changning Execution Court were met with verbal rejections. Her subsequent attempts to seek recourse through extensive written appeals to various government departments were either left unanswered or were redirected back to the same judge who initially imposed the bans. This process has been ongoing for two years, during which all efforts to rectify the situation within the local Shanghai legal system have reportedly been unsuccessful.
Violation of Child's Best Interests and International Conventions

The exit bans are claimed to disregard the best interests of the eight-year-old child and infringe upon the custodial rights of the mother. Additionally, these restrictions are asserted to contravene several United Nations Conventions to which both China and Malaysia are signatories. The writer expresses a belief that the Chinese legal system should uphold fairness and protect the rights of foreigners, drawing parallels to Confucian values of truth and compassion, and hopes for intervention to resolve the situation.

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Why are Chinese and Malaysian citizens barred from exiting China?

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