Why are politicians and police frequent targets of the KPK?

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Politicians and Police are Frequent Targets of the KPK Due to Their Roles in Institutions Perceived as Highly Corrupt

The Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) frequently targets politicians and police officers because these individuals are often implicated in corruption within institutions that are widely considered to be the most corrupt in Indonesia. The KPK's effectiveness in prosecuting cases involving these figures has led to a high number of arrests within these sectors since the agency's inception in 2002.
Historical Context of Corruption in Indonesian Politics and Police

Corruption has been a deeply entrenched issue within Indonesian political and law enforcement structures for decades. The police force, in particular, has been described as having a pervasive culture of corruption, with many of its agents being implicated in graft. Similarly, the political arena, including parliament, has been identified by Transparency International as one of the most corrupt institutions. This systemic nature means that opportunities for corrupt practices are abundant within these sectors, making them primary focus areas for the KPK's investigations.
KPK's Strategic Focus on High-Profile Institutions

Following its establishment in 2002, the KPK initially focused on mid-level officials and businessmen. However, this approach shifted significantly after President Yudhoyono took office in 2004, with a stated aim to implement "shock therapy" against the corrupt system. The KPK subsequently began to prosecute major graft cases, with a deliberate focus on politicians. This strategic targeting of parliament and the police, identified as the two most corrupt institutions, reflects the KPK's effort to address corruption at its perceived roots and expose its widespread nature.
Effectiveness and Consequences of KPK's Actions

The KPK's investigations have led to the arrests of numerous high-profile individuals, including cabinet ministers, parliamentarians, central bankers, CEOs, and judges, demonstrating the systemic reach of corruption. Notably, over a third of the KPK's arrests since 2002 have involved politicians. While the agency has achieved a high conviction rate, its success has also led to significant opposition from within the establishment, including parliament and the police, who are often the subjects of its investigations.

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Why are politicians and police frequent targets of the KPK?

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