Why are Pulau Gaya residents still labelled as squatters despite integration?

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Pulau Gaya Residents Persist in Squatter Label Despite Decades of Integration

Despite decades of integration and development efforts, residents of Pulau Gaya's stilt villages continue to be perceived as squatters and undocumented migrants. This perception stems from the island's historical association with refugee settlements in the 1970s, an image that has overshadowed the reality of thousands of Malaysian citizens who form an integral part of the state capital's workforce. The living conditions on the island present a stark dichotomy, ranging from modest homes equipped with utilities to dilapidated huts lacking basic amenities. This contrast is further amplified by the presence of luxury resorts and villas situated within the island's interior, existing in sharp opposition to the daily struggles of many inhabitants.
Historical Perceptions and Undocumented Status

The enduring label of "squatter settlements" is deeply rooted in Pulau Gaya's history as a settlement for refugees and undocumented migrants since the 1970s. This historical context continues to influence current perceptions, despite the island's population exceeding 20,000 individuals, many of whom are Malaysian citizens contributing to the local economy. While some villages have experienced progress, with the establishment of schools and more structured living environments, areas like Kampung Pondo and Kampung Lok Urai are still identified as "PTI" (undocumented migrant) zones, with past associations with illegal activities.
Inconsistent Development and Basic Needs

Development initiatives on Pulau Gaya have been unevenly implemented, leading to significant disparities in living standards. While paved walkways, waste management systems, and access to piped water and electricity exist in select areas, the majority of residents still lack these essential services. Consequently, many inhabitants are compelled to purchase water at high costs, with water scarcity identified as their primary challenge. A past project to install metered water pipes in two villages, costing RM5.3 million, was initiated but never commissioned and subsequently abandoned after a change in government, leaving the infrastructure in disrepair.
Political Significance and Relocation Threats

Pulau Gaya holds considerable political weight within the Tanjung Aru state constituency, representing a substantial portion of the electorate. Approximately 63% of the voters are native Sabahans from various Bajau ethnicities, with another 35% classified as 'others'. This demographic composition makes the island a crucial battleground for political parties. Adding to the residents' anxieties are ongoing tourism development plans for the island. Previous statements by the Chief Minister indicated a potential relocation of residents to facilitate these plans, citing the presence of squatters as a hindrance to the island's tourism potential, thereby creating an atmosphere of uncertainty regarding their future on the island.

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Why are Pulau Gaya residents still labelled as squatters despite integration?

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