Why has the Indian government restricted mobile internet services near protests?

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Indian Government Restricted Mobile Internet Services Near Protests to Maintain Public Order and Prevent Offence Incitement

The Indian government has suspended mobile internet services within a 1.5-kilometre radius of youth-led protests in New Delhi as a measure to safeguard public order and prevent the incitement of offences. This action was formally enacted through an order issued by the Ministry of Home Affairs, which specified an eight-hour duration for the service suspension. The protests themselves are primarily driven by students demanding reforms within the education system, stemming from a series of irregularities and leaks of examination papers.
Justification for Service Suspension

The Ministry of Home Affairs explicitly stated that the suspension of mobile internet services was deemed necessary "in the interest of public order and for preventing incitement to the commission of any offence." This rationale highlights the government's concern that the unhindered flow of information via mobile internet could potentially be used to escalate the protests or facilitate illegal activities. The order was published on the ministry's official website, providing a transparent basis for the restrictive measure.
Nature of the Protests

The demonstrations, initially focused on educational system flaws, have broadened in scope. Protesters are now also voicing concerns about rising unemployment, the limited opportunities available to young people, and what critics perceive as an increasingly authoritarian governance style under Prime Minister Narendra Modi's administration. These evolving demands indicate a deeper level of discontent beyond the initial examination-related grievances.
Protesters' Adaptation and Alternative Communication

In response to the internet restrictions, many students have adopted alternative communication methods. Some are utilizing Bitchat, an open-source peer-to-peer messaging system that operates via Bluetooth, creating ad-hoc networks independent of traditional internet infrastructure. This demonstrates a resourceful adaptation by the protesters, who are actively seeking ways to maintain communication and coordination despite government-imposed limitations.
Broader Context of Internet Shutdowns in India

Internet shutdowns are not uncommon in India, which has frequently implemented such measures during periods of protest, conflict, or communal tensions. According to data from Access Now, India ranked second globally in 2025 for the number of internet shutdowns, with 65 instances recorded. Digital rights advocates have criticized these frequent suspensions, arguing that they represent a default response by the state when it lacks effective strategies for addressing public dissent.

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Why has the Indian government restricted mobile internet services near protests?

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