Why is open burning particularly risky during the dry season?

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Open Burning Poses Elevated Risks During Dry Season Due to Environmental Factors

Open burning activities present a significantly heightened risk during the dry season, particularly in regions like Gua Musang, where 41 such incidents were recorded between early February and April 23. The prevailing dry conditions, exacerbated by the transitional monsoon period, render plantations, farms, and forests exceptionally vulnerable to ignition from even minor heat sources. This susceptibility is further amplified by the current heatwave alerts issued by the Malaysian Meteorological Department, with daily maximum temperatures reaching between 35 to 40 degrees Celsius in several areas.
Vulnerability of Vegetation in Dry and Hot Climates

During dry spells, vegetation loses moisture, becoming more combustible. This is especially true for plantations, farms, and forests which often contain dry undergrowth, dead leaves, and accumulated organic matter. When exposed to ignition sources, such as unattended fires or sparks, this dry material can ignite rapidly and spread quickly. The transitional monsoon period, typically characterised by less rainfall and fluctuating humidity levels, contributes to these desiccated conditions, making it easier for fires to take hold and escalate.
The Impact of Heatwave Conditions

The current Level 1 heatwave alert, indicating daily maximum temperatures between 35 to 40 degrees Celsius for at least three consecutive days in areas including Gua Musang, Pasir Mas, Kuala Krai, Tanah Merah, and Jeli, intensifies the risk. High ambient temperatures dry out vegetation even further and can increase the rate of fire spread. These extreme heat conditions create an environment where fires are more likely to start and become difficult to control, posing a substantial threat to agricultural lands, forested areas, and potentially nearby communities.
Broader Hazards Associated with Open Burning

Beyond the immediate danger of uncontrolled fires, open burning contributes to significant air pollution. The combustion process releases particulate matter, carbon monoxide, and other harmful gases into the atmosphere, which can have detrimental effects on respiratory health. In agricultural and forested areas, frequent open burning can also degrade soil quality, harm biodiversity, and disrupt delicate ecosystems, impacting the long-term sustainability of these environments and potentially leading to land degradation.

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Why is open burning particularly risky during the dry season?

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